I feel like we live in times where we should absolutely do everything to nudge people into taking more trains than more polluting alternative like cars and flights, to avoid climate change to turn europe into a desert and render many countries in the south unlivable by humans.
However still if you want to travel from Brussels to Eurostar kind of spontaneously you often see absurd prices like over 300β¬ one way. In contrast in Japan people seem to take the shinkansen as you would take the metro: you just arrive at the station by a fixed-rate ticket and hop in the next train leaving from your station.
Eurostar but also SNCF and Deutsche Bahn still seem to be applying dynamic pricing to a large extent, and ticketing policies are pretty unflexible (annoying cancellation fees, weird conditions for getting discounts). I feel like this still discourages a lot of train travels and creates modal shift to cars and flights just because of the uncertainty of the total cost of the trips. Actually this research paper (not mine, but found it pretty interesting) studies the extra co2 emission that might be induced by dynamic pricing https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/18/6/2802 .
This leads to my question: is it true that eventually HSR companies should aim for flat-rates and much more flexible train tickets? Or are dynamic pricing and rigid ticketing policies etc fundamentally necessary to keep prices affordable? Can Eurostar, ICE or TGV do better to make spontaneous travel by high speed rail trivially easier than flying or driving?
I just feel like that's kind of a low-tech, low-hanging fruit solution to decarbonize transport.