I agree with anarchist theory on many points. I do agree that concentrated power has a structural interest in self-preservation and expansion, and that the interests of state and capital are structurally antagonistic to those of the people.
What I'm struggling with isn't the critique of hierarchy, but the institutional alternative.
I think there are three questions that any political theory has to grapple with:
- What ends are desirable?
- What institutions can achieve these ends?
- How do we prevent these institutions from becoming ends in themselves?
My uncertainty concerns the second question. The socio-economic frameworks of statist theories may be antagonistic to emancipation, but they are able to organize the socially beneficial ends that require large-scale coordination (such as vaccination drives, transport networks, healthcare systems, defense etc.).
I don't understand how an anarchist society actually functions: how economic activity is to be organized, how large-scale infrastructure can be constructed and maintained, how universal education can be achieved, how society can be protected from centralized armadas with well-established command structures. I just know 'voluntarism,' but I don't understand how that can function at larger scales.
I have seen some argue that we shouldn't primarily concern ourselves with institutional minutiae, because we know anarchism to be the only framework that is truly emancipatory. But can this concern with the normative justification of power not undermine our ultimate end of improving the lives of people? I agree with the arguments about power, but I think I don't as yet have an answer to the "how" of anarchy... I want to believe in anarchism, but I am concerned about certain elements. Can anarchy balance the apparent trade-off between 'freedom' and 'coordination'? Can it facilitate 'coordination' without creating permanent concentrations of power?
Tldr; How does an anarchy actually coordinate? Can it sustain the socially beneficial acts of the state, which require large-scale coordination?
EDIT: I am realizing now that the questions I am posing to anarchism in this post may actually be too broad... Answering the "coordination problem" satisfactorily requires someone to outline an ecosystem of institutions. But I would still like resources on coordination or institutional outlines of historical anarchist projects... I really know next to nothing.