r/Zettelkasten 21d ago

Jul 2026 Self-Promotions | Tools, Books, and Courses

10 Upvotes

Promote your PAID (and FREE) note-taking tool/software, courses, newsletters, and books here!

To avoid bombarding the community with ads, please share any promotions solely within this post, or your post/comment will be removed.

Thank you!


r/Zettelkasten 2d ago

question Academics/PhDs in the Humanities. A bit of help, what's your system like?

23 Upvotes

Hello all, I've been trying to wrap my head around my own ZK system. I'm an academic historian and deal with a lot of primary sources, readings from a wide range of areas, and have information that I need to constantly reference. I use an analog system and it's working out great so far except for a few issues.

I'm struggling with the ZK because I can't seem to find a balance between project management (in terms of collecting the things I need for my dissertation chapter (i.e. quotes, data, events, specific details) versus letting the ZK grow with my original ideas and collected information from my readings.

My writing is not guided by unlikely connections. I know what I want to write. I think Doto mentioned somewhere that one should look at ZK nodes as a cluster of ideas/notes rather than ideas waiting to be connected. That linking system is just an address to find the notes after the fact. The process of locating notes is where one makes connections that can generate new ideas or connections you can write about.

What is not clicking for me is this "bottom-up" approach of having the Main Box be so unorganized. When I need information, I need to know where to look and I want to have all the notes about a topic in the same folder. I don't want to see a note about Colonial Latin America next to my thoughts about the 1965 Immigration Act or next to my thoughts about how Dorian Gray constructs the world of the wealthy through the British Empire or next to my thoughts about melancholy in Mexican culture. As I write this, I already made some connections haha! I like to let the ideas cluster and like to flesh out my thoughts but sometimes I just need to locate the information and all the surrounding notes on a topic.

I have tensions when I create notes: Do I add it to my Main Box or just put it in my topic folder? The latter has always been so much more helpful in my writing process.

How does one manage long term writing and research projects where you need to have this information at the ready. Maybe compiling my Main Notes in a topic folder and then filing them back when I am done? This, actually, might work and I can throw other cards that I need in there (like connections, problems, revisions, etc...)

I like Umberto Eco's index card system in How to Write a Thesis but he does not talk about how he files and organizes these projects. Part of the journey is flexibility and making it work for me so I am just seeking other examples on how PhDs and Academics do things because we have a very specific set of conditions with our research.

Edit: Spell check, grammar


r/Zettelkasten 2d ago

question The writing step is the whole method and I think most people skip it

44 Upvotes

Been reading around this for a while and something keeps bothering me.

Most of what gets discussed is capture and structure. Tools, linking, folgezettel, tags. What gets much less attention is the bit where you have to restate the idea in your own words before it becomes a note, and that seems to me like the actual mechanism. Everything else is filing.

I notice this in myself. It's very easy to highlight something, drop it in, add a link, and feel productive. I've done nothing. The idea passed through without ever being processed. But if I have to write out what I think the argument is doing, in a sentence, I usually discover I didn't understand it.

Which makes me wonder whether the tooling actually works against the method, because every tool optimises for capture speed and the slow part is the part that matters.

Does anyone here deliberately make that step harder for themselves, or is that just friction for its own sake?


r/Zettelkasten 5d ago

question How do you handle your "reading pile" in Zettelkasten?

13 Upvotes

In my work I often collect things that I don't have time for to read immediately but that I may want to read later, in particular if I suspect that it may be relevant to a certain project or idea under development. I feel like I want to link these things to ideas already in my ZK to improve the likelihood that I will have a closer look when they becomes relevant, but at the same time I fear this will just "pollute" my ZK with stuff that I haven't actually really thought about. Just curious how other people handle this type of material?


r/Zettelkasten 7d ago

question Incorporating knowledge of American Sign Language into my Zettelkasten

1 Upvotes

Hello! I was wondering if anyone has had any experience with incorporating the knowledge of American Sign Languages into your own Zettelkasten? Personally, I use Obsidian MD for my Zettelkasten. I could certainly imagine technical knowledge being easier to input them practical knowledge. Is there anyone who knows how to input more practical usage of ASL into a Zettelkasten?


r/Zettelkasten 8d ago

structure Paper Ecosystem: Sketchbook / Zettelkasten / Journal / Index

7 Upvotes

I just updated my page about my paper ecosystem:

https://pgadey.ca/notes/paper-ecosystem/

It talks about how I use my journal, Zettelkasten, and journal together. In particular, some hard won advice about: indexing, linking, and making sure that all your stuff is traceable. If anyone has recommendations for similar people doing writing on paper with indexing or any combination of journal/sketchbook/Zettelkasten stuff, please let me know.

The One Weird Tip

  1. Write your contact information in the front cover.
  2. Number the volumes consecutively.
  3. Number each page of each volume.
  4. Date and (optionally) title your entries as you write them.
  5. Set aside a handful of pages of each volume for an index.

It seems like the recommendation above is a really six weird tips. Here it is, summarized as one all encompassing tip: Assign each entry in your notebooks a unique entry in an index.


r/Zettelkasten 8d ago

question Should I add new notes or edit the existing one if my thoughts are about the same topic?

8 Upvotes

For example this was my note titled 'Lack of Autonomy'

"In relation to Hoel ka ceybt, it might be better to just work because I absolutely despise being told to do something. Why can't I make my own decisions? So dumb. I think it might be better to show them that I'm working. I was planning to do so anyway. I hate this. I hate everything.

So what I'm going to do is just work. Almost all the time"

The next day I have more feelings about the topic.

Should I keep adding my thoughts into this note or make a new note with a new title or edit the whole note by deleting the earlier thougjt and combining the insights?


r/Zettelkasten 10d ago

question Messages to myself - Luhmann's book notes

27 Upvotes

An exposition on the subject of marking up a book:

How To Mark Up A Book To Forge Deep Insights:
(a serious reader's guide to marginilia)
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1c1pT1um2S6riVl2WnHWGKHw-Zbokwm0I/view?usp=drive_link

Originally posted here, How To Mark Up A Book To Forge Deep Insights, I have no other information on the source. It seems a quite recent publication.

The article includes references to the well known Adler, Mortimer J. “How to Mark a Book” article.

For all the advice I will underline and note in books in a way that does what I need:

- Underlining primarily as a means of enabling me to recap on picking a book up to continue reading.
- I will put small blue sticky post-its on pages with summaries of the structure of the book.
- Turn the corners of pages over where there is a point that is personally meaningful and that I want to put into practice.
- Circling keywords (vocabulary, concepts).
- Comments in marginilia.
- A list on end-pages of topics and page numbers which are 'messages to myself', for personal use.

Luhmann's zettelkasten was used for writing but also by Luhmann to think through topics. Without citation if I were to say that Luhmann's zettelkasten is a record of the evolution of his thinking.

The messages to myself on the end-pages looks very much like the book notes that Luhmann put on the back of bibliographic cards. This would no doubt have included references he intended to use in writing, but also I would think 'messages to himself", observations, etc., as a process of working through his own thinking.


r/Zettelkasten 15d ago

general Side effect of my Zettelkasten: self-confidence

50 Upvotes

A few years ago, I started a Zettelkasten. I had been gathering notes on various subjects, always with the ultimate goal of writing -- articles, essays, books. The idea of not just having stacks of notes, but rather a somewhat systematic approach was quite appealing: the idea of finding things I had written before does seem to be a good idea, doesn't it?

I had been writing on all kinds of paper -- anything that was just around at the time a thought struck me, basically. Backs (and fronts!) of envelopes. Backsides of promotional mail. Notes from the kids school. Whatever.

At the same time, I built a collection of fine, empty notebooks. Who doesn't? (Apparently, plenty of people. But what is wrong with them?) And they remained empty, because nothing that I wrote felt right to put into one of those fine notebooks. It's only my stuff, so …

For my Zettelkasten, I've used two different kinds of paper: actual index card, purpose-bought. Or cut up printer paper. My Zettelkasten is A6, so taking our A4 printer paper and cutting it twice gives me just the right format for my Zettel. And I'm fine with the paper quality.

The slips were just the sweet spot: not the fancy notebooks, but also not just any kind of scrap paper. I even collected some of the scraps (I had them in boxes, envelopes, whatever, because even though the stuff I wrote was not good enough to go into a notebook, it also was not so unimportant as to be thrown out). So when I started sorting them, putting them in an order, writing on from stuff that I already had there, over time, something changed.

I did in fact notice it when I took out notebooks to write into them. Collect multiple ideas into a new form of writing. Longer form. And it didn't even register at first. But there it was: I had gained the confidence in my writing. That it was good enough to be put onto that fancy paper. That it was smart enough to be kept in a book.

It took a while. But it happened gradually, without me noticing.

And it's one of the best things to have come out of my Zettelkasten.


r/Zettelkasten 16d ago

question I feel like I’ve been creating Zettel notes all wrong!

17 Upvotes

At first, I was intrigued by the Zettel method, but I feel like I’ve been doing it all wrong!

I researched this topic a bit. One atomic idea per note. I saw three categories (fleeting, literature, and permanent). I tried making templates for all three, based on random articles I read online, and I kept changing them based on new articles I read again, and now I feel like everything is a bit messy!

I want to maintain templates! I just think all my templates were guided based on different false ideas!

I know it sounds a bit silly to ask, since I should be doing all the thinking here, but how do I create Zettel notes? I’m using Obsidian!


r/Zettelkasten 17d ago

question FOSS alternative to Obsidian

33 Upvotes

Has anyone had experience with a FOSS (free and open source) alternative to Obsidian? I am not looking for just names, and suggestions, there are quite a few lists out there, I'm looking for personal experiences?

Edit: names and suggestions are fine too as long as you have used it. Thanks


r/Zettelkasten 17d ago

question Is there a simplified Zettelkasten approach?

16 Upvotes

I'm trying to find a system where I can organize my thoughts, find patterns and also help with my projects.

"Full" Zettelkasten seems a little overkill, tbh. Do you guys know any other method or maybe a simplified Zettelkasten approach?


r/Zettelkasten 19d ago

question Examples of using a Zettelkasten to produce an actual paper, book, or blog post?

21 Upvotes

Hi everyone,

Does anyone know of a YouTube video, blog post, or other resource showing how someone actually uses their Zettelkasten to write a paper, book, blog post, or another finished piece?

I have found plenty of content explaining how to set up a Zettelkasten and how to move from fleeting notes to literature notes and permanent notes. However, I have not found much that demonstrates the next stage: how someone develops permanent notes into a coherent final product.

Thanks in advance!


r/Zettelkasten 21d ago

share Probing the Digital Side

6 Upvotes

I’m working on a book-length project now and still using the analog approach at the note-taking and idea card creation stage, but in the interest of facilitating outlining and draft compilation I’ve been experimenting with Obsidian’s Longform community plugin, and it actually seems to work pretty well for me. This involves inputting my physical cards of course as I would have anyway, but since it’s in an Obsidian vault, I’m inputting them as Zettels keeping their titles (for outlining convenience) and their unique IDs (not sure why). Anyway it gives me the feeling of having “gone over to digital” (or at least hybrid). Longform allows me to rearrange the order of the cards and assign them to chapters, but can also compile them by stripping links and titles and generating straight text when I’m ready, which can be exported or copied to a Word file. I’ll report on details soon as the project proceeds!


r/Zettelkasten 22d ago

The two sides of the zettelkasten

14 Upvotes

More and more I find myself thinking of the zettelkasten as comorised of two hemispheres.

One hemisphere is distributed, rhizomatic, bottom-up, and cross-topical. This is the "main compartment" containing single-idea notes (1) used for cross-topical interactions between information, at times leading to experiences of serendipity, and the building of different trains of thought (established through the linking of said single-idea notes).

The other hemisphere is centralized, arborescent, top-down, and topically-situated. This hemisphere is comprised of what I call "drafts," which include structure notes, project notes, and writing drafts. These docs are used to further develop interactions between single-idea notes, and capture any questions, comments, further thinking, etc you have on the topic they speak to.

These two hemispheres correspond to two different modes of work / ways of thinking. The first embraces false starts, meandering trajectories, and not quite understood relationships (as well as their opposite). The second is more discerning, topically focused, and determined to sew up loose ends.

Of course, I can see someone arguing for only the distributed aspect, as well as only the discerning one. If I had to choose between one of these and not my own, I'd go with the former.


(1) I'm using the term "single-idea notes" for convenience. Really what I mean are notes containing information regarding a single concern.


r/Zettelkasten Jun 22 '26

question Since my research materials get scattered every time, how do you keep them all in one place?

14 Upvotes

I'm in my first year of an MBA program in Korea.
When I'm looking for a thesis topic, I do a lot of research.
I have multiple papers open in separate tabs, and I also keep an eye on research trends.
So I always have a lot of tabs open.
The hardest part is when I come back to my desk after eating.
I have to reopen all those tabs one by one from scratch.
How do you guys keep all this scattered information and research topics organized in one place?


r/Zettelkasten Jun 20 '26

resource Stop Merely Pointing at Ideas

24 Upvotes

Hi Zettlers,

Stop Merely Pointing at Ideas

In this article, I highlight one of the most significant gaps that I see when coaching people. Instead of capturing the idea, they just point to the idea. You lose a big portion of the benefits that the Zettelkasten Method has to offer you.

One-liners and claim-type notes are the prime example of idea pointers.

On the flip side, if you make it your standard to aim for the complete essence of the idea, you will massively train your mind. Instead of just note-taking or capturing ideas, the Zettelkasten becomes an actual gym for the mind. A much-needed gym for the mind in the age of AI, which adds yet another angle of attack on our minds (let alone our souls…).

So, Stop Merely Pointing at Ideas.

Have fun reading

— Sascha


r/Zettelkasten Jun 14 '26

question How do you handle ideas?

18 Upvotes

I'm looking for some guidance on how folks handle ideas. Do you have a single note you use to track all ideas you come up with? Do you have a single note for a single idea? Do you link or tag the idea--or both?

Thank you!


r/Zettelkasten Jun 12 '26

question What exactly becomes a permanent/atomic note?

13 Upvotes

My problem is simple: Where do I exactly draw the line between what should be made into atomic notes (externalized) and what should be memorized (internalized) or written in some other form (another form of externalization)?

I've heard the following categories: 1. The idea must contribute to an end, which can be anything from writing a whole book to solving a problem to strategizing for your life. 2. The idea must be a generalized conclusion or the gist, not specifics. 3. The first point naturally necessitates the note connecting to other notes.

Applying the first and third don't solve my problem, the second point does, but I don't understand it. How do you decide what idea is the gist? How do I decide what ideas to filter out and what not between everything that contributes to the end in question?

I have 1,200 pages worth of notes (font 12, single space). Compared to that, Niklas Luhmann wrote an average of only 6 atomic notes per day. I just cannot wrap my head around what filters he put down. Everything seems important.

Not to mention, I have a lot and a lot of other types of info that I - Applying the gist that is an atomic note to specifics. - Decisions about what to read, what to search, which ones have been most fruitful for the current purpose. - Purpose, goals, objectives, means, progress, failures, and successes of a "project", which can be any end from writing a whole book to solving a problem to strategizing for your life. - Trains of thought.

Below is an example. I have the weird headers because they can be easily turned to notes later with a script. Also they are unrefined trains of thought, so don't mind their understandability too much as it is now:

<---∆[20260610012254]∆---> - Atomic note pat tern only; general pattern that 1) contributes to an end, which can be anything from writing a whole book to solving a problem to strategizing for your life. 2) applies to specifics when you connect the specific with that general thing, 3) connects to other atomics that have the first feature too (but sometimes can be orphan and then connect in the future).

<---∆[20260610012258]∆---> - However, Ahrens is selling the idea of: what if all the ideas necessary to make any draft is already written in your notes?

<---∆[20260610012302]∆---> - But then again, the evidence for [[20260610012258]] is the fact that even Niklas Luhmann who was considered a note taking freak for noting down so much only wrote 6 atomic notes per day. That is an immutable fact. - At the very least, you have to only turn the top five ideas of the day into atomic notes, no more.

<---∆[20260610012521]∆---> - What I'm concerned about are all the domain-specific info that one comes up with when applying these [[20260610012254]] atomic ideas.

<---∆[202606108012626]∆---> - Let's count them [[20260610012521]], those types of information that need to be noted down other than atomic notes [[20260610012254]]: - Applying the atomic notes for domain specific stuff. - Decisions about what to read, what to search, which ones have been most fruitful for the current purpose. - Purpose, goals, objectives, means, progress, failures, and successes of a "project", which can be any end from writing a whole book to solving a problem to strategizing for your life. - This current thought train.

<---∆[20260610012805]∆---> - What [[20260610012258]] doesn't consider while [[20260610012254]] does is that even a research paper is a one percentile gist of many things one has read, a rate even much less for a book about an original idea.

<---∆[20260610013041]∆---> - So [[20260610012805]], I hypothesize that the top 5 ideas of the day are not only enough but way too much for writing a clean draft. That's because most of the core atomic notes [[20260610012254]] are used for other drafts.

<---∆[20260610013830]∆---> - Do they [[202606108012626]] really need to be atomic? - If not, in what form should they be written, if written at all?

<---∆[20260610013911]∆---> - [[20260610013830]] ties into the problem of strategy depth that chess bots have a limit for. - For every problem, there's gotta be a limit to how many possible solutions you will consider and how deep you will consider them.

<---∆[20260610014134]∆---> - [[20260610013911]] depends on the time available and the importance of the end.

<---∆[20260610014242]∆---> - But with [[20260610014134]] the question still remains: [[20260610013830]]

<---∆[20260610015450]∆---> - There are some principles to organize [[202606108012626]], even if we don't know every singe type of info: - Hierarchical organization. - Keeping the info close to where it belongs, i.e. its respective end or project note.

<---∆[20260610015951]∆---> - Another way [[20260610015450]]: - Developing the thought chain not as atomic notes that need to be smoked but as evolving drafts that update and brach out like a project on a GitHub repository.

<---∆[20260610015959]∆---> - That [[20260610015951]] way, you don't smoke, instead you constantly bring the most important ideas to the forefront. - Older ideas aren't lost either and they are understandable in the context provided by the older versions of the draft.

<---∆[20260610020219]∆---> - [[20260610015951]] seems like an mutually exclusive method when put side by side with [[20260610012258]]: Is it that either you collect the ideas beforehand and stitch them together for an outline, or you constantly develop a draft that gets better and better with updates?

<---∆[20260610020454]∆---> - [[20260610020219]] seems like a bottom-up vs top-down draft making, the order is respective.

<---∆[20260610020559]∆---> - You could do both [[20260610020219]] though. Normally you are in bottom-up mode [[20260610020454]]. When you are developing a project, you get into top-down mode but everyday, you atomize the top most influential ideas.

<---∆[20260610022019]∆---> - [[202606108012626]] all purpose stuff can be an evolving draft. - Literature record keeping should be done with a unique format. - Thought trains are compressed to useful drafts. - What remains is strategy and its depth of consideration. It must not be too deep, as evidenced by chess grandmasters. You ain't no Stockfish.

<---∆[20260610014026]∆---> - [[20260610013911]] can be done with explore-exploit.

<---∆[20260610014101]∆---> - [[20260610014026]] might be a good idea for designing AI.


r/Zettelkasten Jun 10 '26

question Index cards vs digital note app

15 Upvotes

Hi, kinda new here.

For those who use physical index cards rather than purely digital notes:

What advantages do physical cards give you that software doesn't?


r/Zettelkasten Jun 09 '26

workflow Managing research directions - within structure notes vs within notes themselves

8 Upvotes

The ZK can be used for both research and for writing and different people will be using it for different things. I think for me the main value is in the research because once I start writing an essay for example I can mostly just go from a a blank page anyway. I'm not sure what the best way to manage interests for this is though as I see upsides and downsides to both approaches. I can put my research directions within a structure note that tells me about the links between different notes from a bird's eye view but then I lose sight of the details or I can do it within the note itself as a 'related:' note but then I can end up bloating the permanent note itself. It allows me to move forward at an even pace though because I can just jump back into my reading. Perhaps the best solution would be more general directions in the structure note and more specific directions within the permanent note. As those are merely directions however they are bound to be somewhat general and unclear. In the structure note at least I can treat them as I would within a physical ZK when I'd look at several notes besides one another.

How do you manage research directions in your ZK? Stuff that interests you but that you don't necessarily want to develop right this moment due to time constraints?


r/Zettelkasten Jun 06 '26

resource Stop Caring About Your Inbox

22 Upvotes

Dear Zettlers,

Stop Caring About Your Inbox!

A common concern for aspiring Zettelkasten users is the growing inbox. You capture ideas like crazy, but emptying the inbox is much slower. You have to write the note in your own words, assign tags, and create links. The Zettelkasten Method seems inherently slow. In our modern age, slow means inefficient and burdensome.

This problem stems from the belief that the idea inbox should be treated like a productivity system's inbox. In a productivity system, an empty inbox signals being on top of issues.

The application of this mindset to the Zettelkasten user's inbox is wrong:

An empty inbox is ideal for communication and tasks. Inbox abundance is ideal for information and knowledge work.

Find out more here: https://zettelkasten.de/posts/stop-caring-about-your-inbox/

Live long and prosper
Sascha


r/Zettelkasten Jun 06 '26

structure The folders vs no folders debate

9 Upvotes

I was reading a post on the ZK forum relatively and found this statement:

> A sign of not dealing with structural players are project folders, and folders in general. If you can't cope with potentially infinite complexity you have to compromise. One way of compensation is lowering the demands on the system. If a system encapsulates single projects or topics, chances are that it can’t cope with complexity. This is okay if you want to just work on one project. But if you want to use a system as an aid to writing and as a thinking tool you should opt for a system that is powerful enough for a lifetime of thoughts. So, watch out for folders and projects. They are the means for dealing with encapsulating and limiting complexity. In addition, they hinder the most productive way of knowledge production: the interdisciplinary part.

Source: https://zettelkasten.de/posts/three-layers-structure-zettelkasten/

The reasoning seems solid but he didn't mention what types of folders he is criticising beyond project folders. I don't see how a zotero folder for imports and lit-notes would in any way hinder the growth of the Zettelkasten for example. I also don't see how a folder necessary for daily notes would be a hindrance. They would certainly be a pain in the ass to navigate.

My current structure amounts to a permanent note folder with everything in there, as well as a folder for project notes, structure notes and index notes, so my folder of organizational notes pretty much, a literature note folder where my Zotero highlights get exported, a daily note folder, a template folder and a media folder. Those folders roughly correspond to types of notes rather than to types of content. They are fundamentally different in their functions. I don't use folders for specific projects.

I did consider scraping all of the folders but then I would have to make a separate index just for lit-notes and connect to it every time I drop something new. Possibly zotero import wouldn't work as well.

I und that folders have that limitation that they can only contain one permanent note, unless you'd copy it to different folders, whereas structure notes and index notes can have repeating links to different notes without the need to copy the actual content.

Now the thing is what is wrong with project notes? I will be working on a specific project for most contexts and I work on multiple of them at the same time. My project notes are structure notes with extra information added. Structure notes are embedded within an index note.

Another argument for folders would be automated processes, like zotero imports requiring a specific folder, or daily notes falling into a specific folder as well.

What do you think? Do you use folders at all? Or do you just create structure with links as you go? A good argument for link-only structures would be that you get better at using the ZK because you have to continuously adjust, whereas a folder is created from the start. Ideally you'd probably not want to use the sidebar as much and just use Obsidian's search function for example. That's where I find serendipity usually.


r/Zettelkasten Jun 02 '26

question My literature notes are sprawling. How do I reduce them?

12 Upvotes

Hey guys,
So I’ve been using a ZK for a few weeks now. I generally need it to organise my notes for academic reading and to try and create a more „output-focused“ workflow.

I love the concept of it, but what I struggle with is the extent of my literature notes.
I feel like I am taking way too many and way too detailed notes while reading. For a typical chapter (i.e. 20-25 pages) of a book of normal interest I take around 500 words of notes. It takes me a lot of my time to write everything down and when I’m done I’m almost out of energy to create actual Zettel… But no matter what I try I can’t seem to take less notes without feeling a sense of overwhelming dread of missing something vital.

I’d love to hear your opinions or even tips: how detailed are your notes? should I try to reduce the extent and detail of my notes? If so, what are some valuable techniques or tips I could employ?
Thank you so much!


r/Zettelkasten Jun 01 '26

share Well I didn't finish my 40/40 challenge

9 Upvotes

But I copied out a bunch of quotes from Franklin's Autobiography, still in progress, so it will become a nice chonky literature note when I'm finished. 😄

I might keep you posted about my new notes until I reach 40. 😄