Readline, through the file ~/.inputrc, define how bash, tab completion, and lots of other things behave. I've been playing with it recently and it's pretty powerful, so here's the cool stuff I've found. This is in no way the complete power of these tools

You already know about searching history, but how

There's cool stuff built in (Debian 13, YMMV):

• First up, let's see what you've got to work with.

  $ bind -P # show the current mapping.
  $ bind -l  # Show all available functions
  $ bind -v  # show options (***v***ariables)
  $ help bind # See all options
  

• Basic Movement - emacs-ish and vim-ish keybindings. Easily move around text using controls you're familiar with. Check the manual for vi style bindings Much faster than using the arrow keys.

  • C-a - start of line
  • C-b - backwards a letter
  • M-b - backwards a word
  • C-f - forward one letter
  • M-f - forwards one word
  • C-e - end of line [insert TRON reference]
  • C-l - clear and reset screen
  • C-h - backspace
  • C-i - works as tab
  • C-j and C-m - works like pretting enter
  • C-_ undo

• cut and paste from the prompt in a terminal without using a mouse.

  • C-k - kill (delete) from cursorr to end of line
  • M-d - kill to end of word
  • C-u - kill from cursor to start of line
  • C-w - kill last word
  • C-y - yank (paste) the last kill.

• Cool Options

  • set enable-bracketed-paste on This might be the default on your distro already, but if it's not add it now. Instead of paste running a bunch of commands it inserts all the text on one line, preventing
  • set completion-ignore-case on tab completion matches filenames regardless of capitalization.
  • set blink-matching-paren on - Easier to see
  • set colored-completion-prefix on - Again, easier to read.
  • set colored-stats on - Adds "/" to directories, and use $LS_COLORS in completions
  • set completion-ignore-case on & set completion-map-case on Enables case-insensitive matching and treats hyphens (-) and underscores (_) as mapaable characters.
    
  • set completion-prefix-display-length 3 - only show the last 3 chars when tab is ambiguous
  • set match-hidden-files off Hidden files don't match "*" or the like.
  • set show-all-if-ambiguous on Don't beep and make me press tab again.
  • set completion-display-width 0 - only show 1 possible completion per line
  • set completion-query-items 1000 - If you hate the y/n prompt when there are many matches, increase the threshold:
  • set expand-tilde on ensures that pressing Tab after ~ immediately expands it to your full home directory path in the completion list.

• Neat Stuff

  • M-. inserts the last arguments from the last command, press again to cycle backwards.
    • e.g.: $ mkdir -p some/really/long/path, cd [M-.] turns into cd some/really/ong/path
  • C-x C-e (v in vi mode)- Open your current prompt in either your $VISUAL or $EDITOR. Want your full editing power? Want to edit multi-line command with ease? Finally reached a version you want to save?

  • C-M-e: Possibly the coolest. expand the current line. Expands aliases and resolves variables and subshells.

    $ alias df="df -h -t ext4 -x tmpfs"
    $ df [C-M-e]
    $ df -h -t ext4 -x tmpfs 
    
    $ echo $COLUMNS wide, $LINES long, area: $((COLUMNS * LINES)) [C-M-e]
    $ echo 189 wide, 65 long, area:10773
    # Still at the prompt!
    

  • M-# - Ever want to comment out your current command and start a new one? This will do it for you!

  • Make your own! Add them to ~/.inputrc: A couple of my favorites:

    # `Ctrl-x o`: save output in a timestamped log file
    "\C-xo": "\C-e > output-$(date +%s).log"`
    

  • Forget to add sudo?

    # Ctrl-x !: Prepend with "sudo, then return to end of line"
    "\C-x!": "\C-asudo \C-e"
    

  • run the last command again and pick a line from the output using fzf

    # re-runs the last command and pipes it to fzf for interactive selection. "\C-x/": '$(!!|fzf)'

Next time I'll ramble about the compose key, .XCompose, and why Chrome sucks for not supporting it.

About a week ago I announced my project shell-scheduler here. Some people expressed interest, so this is a heads-up for them and for anyone else interested. Since that post, I've done some more work on this project:

New features: - Implement support for per-job timeouts - Implement support for job termination callback - Implement helper libraries for job termination (three independent libraries with different dependencies) - Implement automatic job termination callback selection (best fit from available helpers) - Support assigning job param values to custom variables with job_get_params <job_id> <var_name>=<param_name> - Implement jobs_init(): helper to reset previously configured job parameters (see updated README)

Bug fixes/reliability improvements: - Fix race between timeout and job completion record write to FIFO - Disallow duplicate job IDs - Improve validation of values received via environment variables - Significantly expand tests coverage - Various minor bugfixes

Documentation updates: - Improve the documentation and refactor it into 3 files: README.md, REFERENCE.md, TIMEKEEPING.md

At this point I have pretty much implemented everything I was planning to implement and no remaining bugs are known, so I consider this project feature-complete.

Bug reports and feature requests are still welcome.

Project's Github page

Hey r/bash,

I built json-walk, a pure Bash JSON walker that emits stream events instead of building a full object model.

Repo: [https://github.com/smmoosavi/json-walk](vscode-file://vscode-app/usr/share/code/resources/app/out/vs/code/electron-browser/workbench/workbench.html)

What it does:

• Parses JSON in Bash with full structure validation
• Emits events like start_object, key, string, number, end_array, etc.
• Works in print mode or visitor-function mode
• Keeps raw JSON string content (escapes preserved)

Why I made it:

• For shell scripts where jq is unavailable
• For event-driven parsing/processing in plain Bash

Quick example:

json_walk '{"label":"abc","items":[1,2,3]}'

Output:

start_object
key label
string abc
key items
start_array
number 1
number 2
number 3
end_array
end_object

Would love feedback on:

• API/event design
• edge cases I should test

Thanks!

https://github.com/wallach-game/bashumerate

https://asciinema.org/a/gRjjKCr7n2660mlN

maybe its useless buti was really tired of remembering how to iterate over files

See link above.

Dejacmd logs your command history to a local and/or central (server) database. This enables keeping track of command history across multiple sessions, machines and operating systems. For example, you can log commands to a local SQLite database for quick access and optionally to a central PostgreSQL database for synchronization across devices and/or for multiple users.

Dejacmd supports databases exposed by the sqlx Rust crate, which are SQLite, PostgreSQL, and MariaDb/MySQL (MSSQL was supported and is currently being redeveloped). It will work with Linux (bash, zsh), macOS (bash, zsh) and Windows (PowerShell only) terminals. 

Repo available here

I am using MX Linux OS. I am a true enthusiast using linux. For my own professional use I regularly use some systems which requires to be keept secured. I ask for help to have a bash script to automate taking regular MX SNAPSHOT regularly to create a live bootable USB stick as cronjob. The process should run unattended without sudo password. Possible?

Hi r/Bash,

I've been developing a 100% Pure Bash Debloater tool to manage configuration deployments across Android environments (Termux/ADB). The goal was to build a modular, auditable protocol for package management without leaving persistent residues on the host device.

Zero-Dependency: No Java, no middleware, no pre-compiled binaries. Just pure shell.

Auditable: Every line of code is human-readable. You own the process from end to end.

Autonomous: The protocol executes, performs the surgical strike, and terminates. No resident services (daemons) remain in the background.

The core of Ruvomain-PBD is json-walk, an event-driven (SAX-style) parser written in pure Bash. It processes your configurations natively, ensuring compatibility across Linux, Termux, and Android without requiring external binaries like jq.

I'm looking for feedback regarding my execution flow and error handling patterns. Any suggestions forfurther improving the modularity or POSIX compliance are highly appreciated.

You can find the source here:Ruvomain Protocol - GitHub r/Ruvomain

Small thing that was bugging me for way too long: I jump between a lot of projects (Node yarn, Node pnpm, Go, a few Python ones) and every single one has its own spelling for "start the dev server" or "run the tests".

`npm run dev`, `cargo run`, `poetry run pytest`, `make test`... my fingers never knew what to type until I'd already looked at the repo.

So I built samecmd, it hooks into `cd` and just gives you the same short commands everywhere:

No config, no setup per-project — it just looks at what's in the directory (`package.json`, `Cargo.toml`, `go.mod`, `Makefile`, etc.) and create an alias for the canonical commands like, `build`, `test`, `lint`, `fmt`, and a few others.

If a project needs something custom, you can drop a tiny `samecmd.yml` in it too.

Curious if this is a friction other people actually feel too, or if I'm just bad at remembering my own tools. Happy to hear what stacks I'm missing.

https://github.com/behnamazimi/samecmd

I'd like to show you the project I've been working on for the past few weeks. The title is fairly self-descriptive.

This is not vibe-coded. This a generalizing refactor of code I wrote for the adblock-lean project (which I'm currently the primary maintainer of) and it's been a part of adblock-lean for about a year and a half. That code was entirely written by hand. Recently I got this idea to make a reusable library out of it, so here we are.

I did use the help of AI for this refactor. In particular, to find bugs, write tests, examples and parts of the README. ~95% of the main project code is still written by hand and the other 5% went through a thorough review. Tests are mostly written by AI but I was holding its hand along the way and fixing stuff that it didn't get right (which was a lot of stuff).

The primary target shell of this project is Busybox ash, not Bash, but Bash supports all required shell extensions, so this works fine on Bash.

project's Github page

I have been learning Linux and Bash scripting (as well as version control) for a month, and my friend and I are looking to create a philosophical book( Tractatus Logico Philosphicus)that uses a tree structure so it can be read in the terminal. Do you have any advice for us?thanks in advance

TLDR: Looking for bash-only TUI tools far using on multiple platforms

The long version: I’m not entirely a command line noob, but also I’m bad at remembering things. What I’m trying to do is assemble a collection of TUIs that I can get relatively the same functional experience with whether I’m on a Linux distro, BSD, or whatever.
And before anyone asks, yes I like TUIs, they’re easier for me, yes I realize they can be slower, yes I understand that all the pro haxorz use super lightweight custom optimized bash scripts. I don’t care about that. I’m trying to make life easier for myself when I’m constantly switching systems. That being said, if anyone has some recommendations for their favorites, please feel free to drop them in the comments! Much appreciated! Hope you all have a wonderful day.

Update to the Google Calendar TUI written in bash I had mentioned in the below post earlier

https://www.reddit.com/r/bash/comments/1ubtxrm/calendar_tui_written_completely_in_bash/

You can now use the TUI to delete events from the terminal instead of having to use the website itself.

I have a directory containing a bunch of directories whose names all start with a year. They are all formatted as either "[YYYY] Title" or "(YYYY) Title" but I want to rename them all to "YYYY - Title". This seems like it should be a simple task but I'm still pretty inexperienced and my brain is fried lol

I imagine one way would be something like:

• iterate over the directories with a for loop

• for each one, use regex to match four digits in a row (\d\d\d\d)

• assign only the matching part of the string to a variable (this is the part I don't know how to do)

• use sed or awk or something to replace the first 6 characters with this variable plus " -", then mv to rename to the output of that

Would appreciate any help!

EDIT: Thanks for all the helpful comments! I can't reply to everyone but I have a clearer idea of some different ways to go about this and I've learned a lot that I didn't know.

Deleted Post

Hello! I’m still fairly new to Linux, and since I’m trying to use the terminal as my primary interface, I’ve been spending a lot of time working in Bash.

After about a month of daily use, I’ve noticed a few things that make the experience less comfortable. Features like autocompletion, syntax highlighting, and autosuggestions are easy enough to add with plugins, but there’s one feature I haven’t been able to find anywhere.

I’d love to have the command prompt stay fixed (sticky) at the bottom of the terminal, similar to the input box in a chat application.

For example, when I scroll up to review previous output, I’d like the prompt to remain visible at the bottom instead of scrolling away with the rest of the terminal. If I start typing while I’m viewing older output, it shouldn’t automatically jump back to the latest line. The prompt should stay fixed until I explicitly choose to return to the bottom with ENTER key.

The idea is similar to this Bash workaround.

```

# .bashrc

_prompt() {

tput cup '$LINES' 0

}

PROMPT_COMMAND="_prompt;
$PROMPT_COMMAND"

```

This kind of interface would make it much easier to review previous output while continuing to type new commands, much like how chat interfaces work.

Is it possible to achieve something like this in Bash?

EDIT: blockquotes got messed up, had to fix that

Gaise! What are we doing?

The OP has deleted their account! Probably out of disgust. Now, the answers to their queries were far too much tangential. I cannot fathom whether fellow sub-redditors ignored this person's intent or got subdued by the LLM - inflicted atrophy.

It is a **brilliant** solution to a stupefying problem. Using the `PROMPT_COMMAND` hook to position the cursor at the bottom of the terminal viewport is remarkably nifty. OP should be crowned or somethin'.

I have already added this as a function in my run commands. In webdev terms it gives you a sticky prompt, with scrollback and "streaming" STDOUT. *chuckles*

Dear mods, please, we need to encourage such ideas. I urge fellow sub-redditors to not be apprehensive of such topics, not look down upon newbs and with utmost respect to LLMs and search engines, please consider the actual ideas and intuition behind that those ideas before commenting blatantly.

Here is a `bash` script for a `tmux` dual-pane oriented solution:

#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -euo pipefail

SOCKET_PATH="${1:-$HOME/.tmux/bashsplit.sock}"
SESSION="bashsplit"
LOG="${HOME}/bashsplit.log"

tmux -S "$SOCKET_PATH" kill-session -t "$SESSION" 2>/dev/null || true

tmux -S "$SOCKET_PATH" new-session -d -s "$SESSION" -n main
tmux -S "$SOCKET_PATH" split-window -t "$SESSION":0 -v

BASH_PANE="$(tmux -S "$SOCKET_PATH" list-panes -t "$SESSION":0 -F '#{pane_id}' | sed -n '1p')"
VIEW_PANE="$(tmux -S "$SOCKET_PATH" list-panes -t "$SESSION":0 -F '#{pane_id}' | sed -n '2p')"

tmux -S "$SOCKET_PATH" send-keys -t "$BASH_PANE" "bash" Enter
tmux -S "$SOCKET_PATH" pipe-pane -t "$BASH_PANE" -o "cat > '$LOG'"
tmux -S "$SOCKET_PATH" send-keys -t "$VIEW_PANE" "tail -f '$LOG'" Enter

tmux -S "$SOCKET_PATH" attach -t "$SESSION"

twimc

I'm really just looking for advice since I'm unaware of conventions, as well as just the best way to really do anything.

I made it since I wanted to use a old laptop I had sitting around to host a minecraft server, but I did not want to lose access to automatic backups like I have had with the large free server providers. It's worked pretty well with my testing, and I plan to set it up as a cron job to run every day.

# rclone backup script



# ====== Configuration ======



# Please ensure all directories exist at all times or the script may fail to properly backup your data.
SOURCE="/home/YOURUSER/item"
REMOTE_BACKUP_LOCATION="gdrive:backups"
LOCAL_BACKUP_LOCATION="/home/YOURUSER/backups" # enter "none" if you do not want any local backups.


LOCAL_BACKUP_AMOUNT=5
REMOTE_BACKUP_AMOUNT=5
BACKUP_NAME="automated_backup_" # Timestamp will appear after this name.


# ===========================


# -------- Variables --------


# WARNING: do not touch these unless you know what you are doing.


TIMESTAMP=$(date "+%Y-%m-%d_%Hh%Mm%Ss") # Please use a timestamp that will display in a descending order so that old backups will be cleaned up problerly. This WILL break the script.
# You can almost certainly safely remove the seconds and minutes from the timestamp unless you are making several backups in an hour.


# ---------------------------


echo "Starting backup."


if [[ "$LOCAL_BACKUP_LOCATION" != "none" ]]; then
    tar -czf "${LOCAL_BACKUP_LOCATION}"/"${BACKUP_NAME}"${TIMESTAMP}.tar.gz "${SOURCE}"
    rclone copy "${LOCAL_BACKUP_LOCATION}"/"${BACKUP_NAME}"${TIMESTAMP}.tar.gz "${REMOTE_BACKUP_LOCATION}"


    echo "Cleaning up local backup directory."
    backups=$(rclone lsf "${LOCAL_BACKUP_LOCATION}" --filter="+ "${BACKUP_NAME}*"" --filter="- *" | sort -r)


    backup_control=0


    for backup in $backups; do
            ((backup_control++))
            if ((backup_control > $LOCAL_BACKUP_AMOUNT)); then
            rm -rf "${LOCAL_BACKUP_LOCATION}"/"${backup}"
            fi
    done
    echo "Old local backups removed."
fi


if [[ "$LOCAL_BACKUP_LOCATION" == "none" ]]; then
    temp_dir=$(mktemp -d)
    tar -czf "${temp_dir}"/"${BACKUP_NAME}"${TIMESTAMP}.tar.gz "${SOURCE}"
    rclone copy "${temp_dir}"/"${BACKUP_NAME}"${TIMESTAMP}.tar.gz "${REMOTE_BACKUP_LOCATION}"
    rm -rf "${temp_dir}"
fi


echo "Backup Complete."


echo "Cleaning up remote backup directory."
backups=$(rclone lsf "${REMOTE_BACKUP_LOCATION}" --filter="+ ${BACKUP_NAME}*" --filter="- *" | sort -r)


backup_control=0


for backup in $backups; do
        ((backup_control++))
        if ((backup_control > $REMOTE_BACKUP_AMOUNT)); then
                rclone deletefile "${REMOTE_BACKUP_LOCATION}"/"${backup}"
        fi
done
echo "Old remote backups removed."


echo "Full backup sequence complete. ${TIMESTAMP}"

# rclone backup script



# ====== Configuration ======



# Please ensure all directories exist at all times or the script may fail to properly backup your data.
SOURCE="/home/YOURUSER/item"
REMOTE_BACKUP_LOCATION="gdrive:backups"
LOCAL_BACKUP_LOCATION="/home/YOURUSER/backups" # enter "none" if you do not want any local backups.


LOCAL_BACKUP_AMOUNT=5
REMOTE_BACKUP_AMOUNT=5
BACKUP_NAME="automated_backup_" # Timestamp will appear after this name.


# ===========================


# -------- Variables --------


# WARNING: do not touch these unless you know what you are doing.


TIMESTAMP=$(date "+%Y-%m-%d_%Hh%Mm%Ss") # Please use a timestamp that will display in a descending order so that old backups will be cleaned up problerly. This WILL break the script.
# You can almost certainly safely remove the seconds and minutes from the timestamp unless you are making several backups in an hour.


# ---------------------------


echo "Starting backup."


if [[ "$LOCAL_BACKUP_LOCATION" != "none" ]]; then
    tar -czf "${LOCAL_BACKUP_LOCATION}"/"${BACKUP_NAME}"${TIMESTAMP}.tar.gz "${SOURCE}"
    rclone copy "${LOCAL_BACKUP_LOCATION}"/"${BACKUP_NAME}"${TIMESTAMP}.tar.gz "${REMOTE_BACKUP_LOCATION}"


    echo "Cleaning up local backup directory."
    backups=$(rclone lsf "${LOCAL_BACKUP_LOCATION}" --filter="+ "${BACKUP_NAME}*"" --filter="- *" | sort -r)


    backup_control=0


    for backup in $backups; do
            ((backup_control++))
            if ((backup_control > $LOCAL_BACKUP_AMOUNT)); then
            rm -rf "${LOCAL_BACKUP_LOCATION}"/"${backup}"
            fi
    done
    echo "Old local backups removed."
fi


if [[ "$LOCAL_BACKUP_LOCATION" == "none" ]]; then
    temp_dir=$(mktemp -d)
    tar -czf "${temp_dir}"/"${BACKUP_NAME}"${TIMESTAMP}.tar.gz "${SOURCE}"
    rclone copy "${temp_dir}"/"${BACKUP_NAME}"${TIMESTAMP}.tar.gz "${REMOTE_BACKUP_LOCATION}"
    rm -rf "${temp_dir}"
fi


echo "Backup Complete."


echo "Cleaning up remote backup directory."
backups=$(rclone lsf "${REMOTE_BACKUP_LOCATION}" --filter="+ ${BACKUP_NAME}*" --filter="- *" | sort -r)


backup_control=0


for backup in $backups; do
        ((backup_control++))
        if ((backup_control > $REMOTE_BACKUP_AMOUNT)); then
                rclone deletefile "${REMOTE_BACKUP_LOCATION}"/"${backup}"
        fi
done
echo "Old remote backups removed."


echo "Full backup sequence complete. ${TIMESTAMP}"

i'm looking for a place to practice bash or just shell in general, is there a place like such where i can practice daily and improve my muscle memory when it comes to shell commands? at the moment leetcode only offers like 5 shell problems and other focus more on teaching the basics or is more focused on solving mini problems than the shell itself like sadservers.

is there any platform where i can daily practice shell just like platforms where you can daily practice competitive programming problems?

TIA and sorry for grammar erros, english isnt my first language.

I often keep command snippets in text files, but copying and pasting them back into the terminal felt clunky.

So I made bashmemo: a small Bash tool that lets you search plain-text command notes and load the selected command into Bash history with history -s.

It does not execute the command automatically — you can recall it with ↑ or Ctrl+R, edit it, and run it yourself.
https://github.com/yukiho72/bashmemo

I'm new to linux bash scripting and running into an issue executing an app with arguments, when I run "steamosctl get-default-desktop-session" from a terminal the command runs fine, if I run the same command from a bash script I get the error "no such file or directory" the script has the shebang #!/bin/bash, set -x, steamosctl get-default-desktop-session.

Now if I run "steamosctl help" or "steamosctl -h" from the same script it works fine but for some reason adding arguments that contain multiple "-" minus signs in the argument the script gives the "no such file or directory" error, I've tried with other apps and also launching them with "sh" and "exec" with arguments containing multiple minus's and got the same error. My guess is I need to wrap the command or arguments some how so the arguments aren't interpreted as a path, I've done some research and tried several ways of writing the script as suggested in other topics with no success. Any help or suggestions would be greatly appreciated, Thanks in advance!

Edit: I was able to resolve the issue! So after some deeper research turns out bash script shell runs in a non interactive mode so it doesn't process environmental paths like a local bash shell or terminal and causing the "no such file or directory" error, so by making a systemd service to call the script and adding "WorkingDirectory=/bin" and "User=your user name here" in the [Service] section I was able to run my script at boot and terminal without error. I also read that supposedly adding "source ~/.bashrc" immediately after the shebang will cause the bash scrip to force load your local users ./bashrc file with the paths and not give path errors but I haven't tested that yet. Thanks to those who offered suggestions and help, appreciate you!

Every agent framework I tried felt like a lot of machinery around what is, at its core, a loop: send messages, maybe run a tool, append the result, repeat. So I built one with no framework at all, just bash, jq, and curl. The core loop is ~190 lines; the whole thing (ten tools, permissions, skills, three providers) is ~1,200. Repo: https://github.com/aziz0x00/agent.sh

The design decisions that I think are interesting:

Tools are one file each, no registration. A tools/Foo.sh defines a TOOL_DEF JSON schema and two functions: PreFoo validates the model's args and builds a human-readable preview (a real diff for Edit/Write), then Foo executes. Drop a file in tools/, it's a tool.

Permissions are per-signature, not per-tool. Approval prompts show the preview (the actual diff, the actual command), and "always allow" whitelists that exact signature, not the whole tool. Read-only tools are pre-approved. --free bypasses everything when you're feeling brave.

Context is a JSON file you can just... edit. /state opens the exact request payload in $EDITOR mid-conversation; /continue sends whatever you saved. Delete a bloated tool result, rewrite the model's last answer, it's yours.

#!/usr/local/bin/bash
StartUp_Run=false
Iterator_For_File_Toucher_With_NCPU_While=0
Total_NCPU_For_File_Toucher_With_NCPU_while=$(nproc --all)

while true
do
if [ $StartUp_Run == false ]; then
while [ $Iterator_For_File_Toucher_With_NCPU_While -lt $Total_NCPU_For_File_Toucher_With_NCPU_while ]; do
echo "$Iterator_For_File_Toucher_With_NCPU_While"
touch core$Iterator_For_File_Toucher_With_NCPU_While-temp_orders.csv
let "Iterator_For_File_Toucher_With_NCPU_While+=1"
done
echo "ncpu amount = $Total_NCPU_For_File_Toucher_With_NCPU_while"
StartUp_Run=true
fi
done

prints, why? :

# sh LastStage.sh 
0
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
9
9
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
14
14
15
15
16
ncpu amount = 16

Hey everyone. I have been using linux mint since a year and loved it. It just works without manual tinkering. But now, captivated by the tiling managers, i jumped to Cachy hyprland. It's interesting but doesn't have many basic functionalities like alerting user about Caps lock key status through sound. I took help of ai but it somehow spikes my cpu usage and i have to reboot to make it normal again. Here is the Script :

#!/bin/bash

# Target the specific caps lock directory (adjust if you have a specific one like input3::capslock)

LED_PATH=$(ls -d /sys/class/leds/*::capslock | head -n 1)

# Fallback paths for the sounds

SOUND_ON="/usr/share/sounds/freedesktop/stereo/dialog-information.oga"

SOUND_OFF="/usr/share/sounds/freedesktop/stereo/dialog-warning.oga"

# Read initial state

last_state=$(cat "$LED_PATH/brightness")

while true; do

# Instant raw read of the file system

current_state=$(cat "$LED_PATH/brightness")

if [ "$current_state" != "$last_state" ]; then

if [ "$current_state" -eq 1 ]; then

# Using pw-play or paplay with low-latency flags

pw-play "$SOUND_ON" &

else

pw-play "$SOUND_OFF" &

fi

last_state=$current_state

fi

# 20ms polling rate (0.02s) gives instant human response time

# without hurting CPU performance

sleep 0.02

done

Can you guys please help me out.

I recently built VinMail, an interactive CLI mail manager written entirely in Bash that sits on top of msmtp.

It lets you manage multiple email accounts from a terminal interface, compose emails with attachments, switch accounts instantly, save drafts, reply to existing emails from .eml files, and optionally GPG-sign messages. VinMail builds complete RFC 2822/MIME messages itself in pure Bash and sends them directly through msmtp, without requiring a graphical mail client or mail daemon.

The interface supports arrow keys and j/k navigation, while email bodies are edited using your preferred $EDITOR.

GitHub repo: https://github.com/VintellX/vinmail

If this looks interesting, give it a try and let me know what you think. Feedback, bug reports, feature requests, and contributions are all welcome. Thanks for checking it out! :)

Like VinMail? A ⭐ on GitHub would mean a lot. ^_^